Review Questions Section 1-2

1) How long is the Great Wall of China?
13,170.69 miles
2) Why was it built? And where does it run from and to?
It was built to keep invaders out from Mongolia. It runs from the Yellow Sea and the Gobi desert.
3) What are three natural barriers that have limited people's movement in East Asia?
High mountains, vast deserts, and cold climates.
4) How large is the Gobi Desert?
500,000 square miles.
5) List two plains in Northern China.
Manchurian, and North China Plain.
6) Name three rivers in China.
The Yellow, Yangtze, and West River.
7) Where does the Huang begin and end?
It starts in the Kulun Mountains and ends in the Yellow Sea.
8) How long is the Chang Jiang?
3,900 miles.
9) What is the southernmost of the three great river systems of China?
The West River.
10) What are the natural resources of China?
Water, natural gas, petroleum, crops, and coal.
11) Which countries in East Asia would need to import coal or oil?
China and Japan.
12) What effect might natural resources have had on the development of East Asia?
Because they are unevenly distributed only some of the countries had natural resources although the other countries do have mineral resources.
13) What is a typhoon and where does it occur?
A tropical storm that occurs in the western pacific.
14) What two words best describe the climates in the higher latitudes of East Asia?
Dry and cold.
15) Where are most deserts found in East Asia?
West central Asia.
16) Where are the tropical zones of East Asia found?
China's southern coast, the island of Hainan, and the southern tip of Taiwan.
17) What does typhoon mean in Chinese?  What other type of storm is a typhoon most like?
A tropical storm in the region of the Indian or western Pacific oceans. A hurricane.

1) What are the five sub-regions of Africa?
North, south, west, east and central Africa.
2) Why is East Africa known as the cradle of humanity?
Because of the large number of prehistoric human remains found in the region.
3) What were some early civilizations of East Africa?  What was their economy based on?
Aksum, Masai, and Kikuyu people. Farming.
4) What was the Berlin Conference?  Why - particularly - did it happen?
This conference regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period. It happened because Europeans did not want to fight over Africa. Only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free from European control.
5) How did colonization cause conflicts in East Africa after independence?
Colonial power did not prepare East African nations for independence.
6) Why are Liberia and Ethiopia important?
They were the only two countries that remained free from European rule.
7) What are some cash crops of East Africa?
Coffee, tea, and sugar.
8) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem?
AIDS.
9) Name two ancient empires of North Africa? 
Carthage and The Nile River.
10) What practices did the world acquire from Ancient Egypt?
Farming, building and writing.
11) What North Africa countries have had the economies transformed by oil?
Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia.
12) What is Rai?
A kind of music developed in the 1920s by poor urban children.
13) Discuss the changing roles of women in North Africa?
Women in North Africa now have more independence and freedom then ever before.
14) Why is Goree Island important?
This island served as one of the busiest points for exporting slaves during the slave trade.
15) List three trading empires of West Africa?  What did the trade?
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Gold and salt.
16) What is a stateless society?  How has West Africa's traditional stateless societies caused problems after colonization?
A society in which people rely on family lineages to govern
17) What are some roadblocks to economic development in West Africa?
Colonialism.
18) Discuss West African music.
West African music consists of jazz, blues and reggae and also had their origin in the west.
19) What is Bantu important?
Bantu produced a great diversity of cultures and also helped link continents.
20) What was Sao Tome established for?
It was a slave trade post started by the Europeans.
21) Who was King Leopold II?  Why was he important?
He was the king of Belgium. Because he controlled the Congo which led to the Berlin Conference.
22) What are the lasting effects of colonialism in Central Africa?
They destroyed the organizing principles of stateless societies.
23) What major problems does Central Africa have in education?
School shortages, low attendance rates and high number of languages.
24) Who ended the apartheid in South Africa?
Nelson Mandela.
25) How does modern Johannesburg reflect the problems created by the apartheid?
The separation of the town reflect the division problem.

Main Ideas

East Africa

1. It is located on the Red Sea and Indian Ocean making it an important trading center and contributed to it's expansion and power.

2. Almost 90% of the African continent came under the control of Europeans. Only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free. Africans lost their independence. They were treated as inferiors and were forced to work as slaves for long hours.

North Africa 

3. Because invaders from Asia brought their religion and culture.

4. They have changed from primarily house wives to having more freedoms and equal incomes compared to men.

West Africa

5. Their similarities were that they thrived because of locations on trade routes, trading salt and gold. Their differences were that Ghana was rich from traders taxes and Mali conquered Ghana brining back salt and gold trade.

6. Civil war, uneducated population, shortages of workers, and poor roads and transportation. 

Central Africa

7. Because the produced a great diversity of cultures but also liked various barts of the continent.

8. Some education problems include a shortage of trained teachers, high dropout rate and a shortage of secondary schools. 

Southern Africa

9. It helped them become a salt and gold trading area as well as diamond producers, this provided a richer population.

10. He fought for black rights and he became imprisoned, nations around the world pressured South Africa to let him be released.

North Africa Questions

1) What form of government did ancient Egypt have?
  They had a Theocracy.
2) What practices did the ancient world acquire from Egypt?
 Farming, medicine, how they built their cities and their system of writing.
3) How did Muslims gain control of North Africa?
 Their armies swept into lower Egypt. 
4) What countries make up North Africa?
 Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, South Sudan, Sudan, and Tunisia.
5) How has North Africa's economic base evolved?
 Agriculture.
6) Why has the oil industry failed to benefit local workers?
 They gave high paying jobs to foreign workers. 
7) How are prices set for products sold at souks?
 The prices start out higher than they should be, so people have to have to bargain for lower prices.
8) How has rai music changed since its beginnings?
 It went from being a carefree music style for youth to being used to show resentment towards the French.
9) What was the traditional role for North African women?
 They were primarily house wives. 
10) What gains have Tunisian women made outside the home?
 They can have normal/equal paying jobs, they can divorce, and they can freely marry who they please.

1) What were some early civilizations in East Africa?  Why were these civilizations important?
The Masai and Mau Mau groups. They helped form Africa and how it is today.
2) What happened at the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885?
It was a conference used to prevent the European wars on Africa.
3) What African countries managed to remain free of European control?
Ethiopia and Liberia 
4) How did colonialism cause conflicts in East Africa after independence?
Cultural divisions.
5) How did Ethiopia manage to defeat Italy in 1896?
They had a greater knowledge of the area's geography.
6) What are some cash crops of East Africa?
Coffee, tea and sugar.
7) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem.
AIDS
8) Research the Rwanda massacre (genocide?) and briefly discuss what happened and why.
It was a mass slaughter of Tutsi and moderate Hutu in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority because they were opposed to the killing campaign. 

Main Ideas 1-7

 Section 1

1. It supports life through the water provided, which is used for irrigation.

2. Abundant resources: Minerals, gold, platinum etc. Oil, and other commodities like coffee.

3. Oil doesn't always support Angolans because of fees and lack of money in their government.

Section 2

4. The Sahara is located in north Africa.

5. General pattern of rainfall in Africa is consisted of two rainy seasons, but Central Africa basically rains all year.

6. Serengeti Plain supports Africa's wildlife through it's hard soil, which prevents the growth of trees but, makes great conditions for grass.

7. The benefits of rain forests are the 600 species of trees found in the Congo Basin and the hundreds of species of birds and plants.

Places and Terms

• Basins - The Chad basin can be found in the middle of Chad.
• Nile River - The Nile can be found in Egypt, Sudan, and Uganda.
• Rift Valleys - The rift valleys can be found in the eastern part of Africa.
• Mount Kilimanjaro - The Kilimanjaro can be found in the Ethiopian Highlands.
• Escarpment - The Escarpment can be found on the edge of the continent's plateau in Southern Africa.

Taking Notes

• In Africa there are rift valleys and lakes
• In Africa they have minerals, oil and commodities as there resources.

Main Ideas

a) Africa is called the "plateau continent" because it is one major plateau, location supercontinent of Pangaea.

b) Some of Africa's distinctive landforms are Lake Victoria, and Mount Kilimanjaro.

c) Africa's abundant resources haven't translated into economic wealth because they lack the industrial base and money to develop them.

Things I want to learn about Africa :

1. History of Lake Victoria

2. Uganda

3. Seychelles

4. Madagascar

5. The environment of South Africa