1) What are the five sub-regions of Africa?
North, south, west, east and central Africa.
2) Why is East Africa known as the cradle of humanity?
Because of the large number of prehistoric human remains found in the region.
3) What were some early civilizations of East Africa?  What was their economy based on?
Aksum, Masai, and Kikuyu people. Farming.
4) What was the Berlin Conference?  Why - particularly - did it happen?
This conference regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period. It happened because Europeans did not want to fight over Africa. Only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free from European control.
5) How did colonization cause conflicts in East Africa after independence?
Colonial power did not prepare East African nations for independence.
6) Why are Liberia and Ethiopia important?
They were the only two countries that remained free from European rule.
7) What are some cash crops of East Africa?
Coffee, tea, and sugar.
8) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem?
AIDS.
9) Name two ancient empires of North Africa? 
Carthage and The Nile River.
10) What practices did the world acquire from Ancient Egypt?
Farming, building and writing.
11) What North Africa countries have had the economies transformed by oil?
Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia.
12) What is Rai?
A kind of music developed in the 1920s by poor urban children.
13) Discuss the changing roles of women in North Africa?
Women in North Africa now have more independence and freedom then ever before.
14) Why is Goree Island important?
This island served as one of the busiest points for exporting slaves during the slave trade.
15) List three trading empires of West Africa?  What did the trade?
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Gold and salt.
16) What is a stateless society?  How has West Africa's traditional stateless societies caused problems after colonization?
A society in which people rely on family lineages to govern
17) What are some roadblocks to economic development in West Africa?
Colonialism.
18) Discuss West African music.
West African music consists of jazz, blues and reggae and also had their origin in the west.
19) What is Bantu important?
Bantu produced a great diversity of cultures and also helped link continents.
20) What was Sao Tome established for?
It was a slave trade post started by the Europeans.
21) Who was King Leopold II?  Why was he important?
He was the king of Belgium. Because he controlled the Congo which led to the Berlin Conference.
22) What are the lasting effects of colonialism in Central Africa?
They destroyed the organizing principles of stateless societies.
23) What major problems does Central Africa have in education?
School shortages, low attendance rates and high number of languages.
24) Who ended the apartheid in South Africa?
Nelson Mandela.
25) How does modern Johannesburg reflect the problems created by the apartheid?
The separation of the town reflect the division problem.