Final Study Guide

5 Themes of Geography
Region, human environment, location, movement, place.
3 Types of Maps
Political, Physical, Thematic.

Why are the Kunlun Mountains important to China?

The Yellow and Yangtze rivers flow out of them.

What is the approximate size of the Gobi Desert?

500,000 sq miles.

What are some of the important islands to the country?

Hainan and part of Hong Kong

Why are China's three river systems so important to the country?

Yellow, Yangtze, and West River are important because they provide transportation, irrigation and hydroelectric power. 

In which latitude and climate zones is most of China's productive agricultural land located?

Humid continental. 

What landforms make up the dry zones?

Deserts and steppes.

What two factors affect vegetation and temperature in the highland climate?

Elevation and latitude. 

What are some benefits of the Three Gorges Dam?

Control of flooding, generate electric power, and easier passageway for ships.

What are some drawbacks of the dam?

Between 1-2 million relocation of people, the contruction costed 26 billion dollars, and there are some environmental concerns. 

What are some of the ways in which the Japanese have adapted to living in a crowded space?

Rooms are separated by sliding screens, and people sleep on thin mattresses that are stored during the day. It is also common for a family of four to live in one room apartments.

Why did Shi Huangdi build a wall in northern China?
He built it to protect them from the Barbarians.

How was China governed in its early history?

It was ruled by dynasties. 

What are some achievements China made in its early history?

They built the great wall, and they began using paper and gunpowder. 

When did Europeans begin exploration of China?

During the 13th century.

How was Europe able to gain access to Chinese markets in the 19th century?

The Europeans forced China to sign a series of treaties taking advantage of their weak military and government. 

Which political group has held considerable power in China for the last 50 years?

The Communist Party.

What did the Communists party want for China's economy?

They wanted to modernize China by encouraging the growth of industry. 

At what point did China's economy begin to grow more rapidly?

The 1980's.

Where does most agriculture occur in China?

Southern and eastern basins.

Where does China get the resources that fuel the industrial economy?

The heart land of China. 

What item is especially popular as an export to the United States?

Textiles.

Name two important Chinese inventions.

Paper and gunpowder.

What are the predominant religions in China?

Confucianism and Taoism.

What is China's population?

1.34 billion.

What animal was especially important to the Mongols?

The horse.

What did Genghis Khan's name mean?

Supreme conqueror.

Who controlled Mongolia in the 18th and 19th century?

China.

Which country has had the most influence and control in Taiwan?

China.

How is Mongolia's current economy different from its historical practices?

Mongolia has shifted from primarily herding livestock to a market economy.

What is an economic tiger?

It is a nation that has rapid economic growth due to cheap labor, high technology, and aggressive exports. 

Why might foreign companies want to work with Taiwanese companies?

Because it is one of the most prosperous economies of the western pacific and it trades with many countries. 

What industry is most successful in Taiwan?

Technology.

What traditional influences can be seen in daily life in Mongolia?
Herding from nomads and yurts. 

Do most Americans live in rural areas like people in Mongolia or urban areas like the people in Taiwan?

Urban like Taiwan. 

When did Little League become popular in Taiwan?

After WWII.

What bodies of water surround Korea?

Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. 

What natural features influenced the settlement of Korea?          

Bodies of water surrounding the nation (peninsula isolation) and mountains. 

What action have both Korean countries taken since World War II?

They both built up huge armies.

What significant event occurred in 2000?
Both countries held a summit meeting in which they declared the intentions of reuniting. They also marched together in the Olympics held by Sydney Australia. 

What type of economy did both North and South Korea have prior to the Korean War?

Agricultural.

How are North and South Korea's economies different today?

North Korea has natural resources and raw materials and South Korea has a large industrial and technological based economy.

Which Korean country has a larger population?

South.

Which country did Dennis Rodman visit?

North Korea.

From where did the original inhabitants of Japan mostly come?

The South Pacific, Siberia and Korea. 

For whom did the Yamato clan claim descent?

From the sun goddess. 

For whom did the samurai work?

Landowners and clan chiefs.

Where do most Japanese people live within Japan?

In urban cities.

Which island of Japan is considered the main island?

The main island is Honshu.

How is Japan able to manufacture many items for trade without natural resources?

They receive imports of natural resources needed to manufacture. 

How has Japan's economy recently changed?
Their economy began to slow down, companies scaled back and some went bankrupt.

Which city is an excellent example of traditional Japanese culture?

Kyoto

What do the Japanese believe is important in designing buildings?

Harmony between buildings and its natural surroundings. 

How does the Japanese school system compare with American education?

They have a shorter summer break that is just six weeks, and they have school six days a week. 

What are private college preparatory schools called in Japan?

Juku.

What two problems are the Japanese attempting to address in the future?

Pollution and long work day/short vacations.

What are some examples of traditional Japanese culture?

Traditional drama called Noh, and Japanese artworks like scrolls, ink paintings and block-prints. 

How did the Western world influence Japan beginning in the 19th century? 

Since 1853 when Commodore Perry sailed his fleet into Tokyo Bay. 

Chapter 29 Main Ideas Questions

1-10

The Ring of Fire

1. It is caused by the Ring of Fire.

2. They are unstable because of shifting plates.

3. Japan Red Cross and Asia Pacific Disaster Management Center.

Trade and Prosperity

4. Europe signed treaties that gave them some influence on the East.

5. East Asia used and shared theirs and other countries resources to help the industrial economy. When they did this they eventually began a global economy.

6. Debt and mismanagement.

Populations and the Quality of Life

7. The high demand for food and bad sanitization.

8. Family planing programs.

9. In the middle of the 20th century East Asia ranked among the least developed countries in the world.

10. They improved so much that their economy is better as well as their life expectancy.

Main Ideas

1-10

1. Communism, paper, print.

2. 60% of the population are self efficient.

3. The importance of order, education and hierarchy.

4. Mongolia's core is herding and managing livestock.

5. Taiwan is based on a strong manufacture industry.

6. It was because the north was controlled by the soviets and the south had help from the US.

7. Because South Korea is like Taiwan, successful and competitive.

8. Because their government began bringing japan into modern age.

9.  Kyoto is one of the only cuties that still has the same beauty and traditions that Japan had in ancient times.

10. Japan has their resources imported and then they use their resources for industrial use.

1) Why did Shi Huangdi build a wall in northern China?
To close gaps between smaller walls.
2) How was China governed in its early history?
By dynasties 
3) What are some achievements China made in its early history?
The Qin dynasty gave China its name. 
4) When did Europeans begin exploration of China?
During the 13th century.
5) How was Europe able to gain access to Chinese markets in the 19th century?
when they sought power, the Chinese government and military was weak. 
6) Which political group has held considerable power in China for the last 50 years?
The Communist party, they came to power in 1949.
7) What did the Communist party want for China's economy?
They wanted to plan all economic activities. 
8) Where does China get the resources that fuel the industrial economy?
Rich soil. 
9) What item is especially popular as an export to the U.S.
Textiles (cloth)
10) Name two important Chinese inventions?
Gunpowder and paper. 
11) What are the predominant religions of China?
Confucianism and Taoism.
12) What is China's population?
1.34 billion.

Review Questions Section 1-2

1) How long is the Great Wall of China?
13,170.69 miles
2) Why was it built? And where does it run from and to?
It was built to keep invaders out from Mongolia. It runs from the Yellow Sea and the Gobi desert.
3) What are three natural barriers that have limited people's movement in East Asia?
High mountains, vast deserts, and cold climates.
4) How large is the Gobi Desert?
500,000 square miles.
5) List two plains in Northern China.
Manchurian, and North China Plain.
6) Name three rivers in China.
The Yellow, Yangtze, and West River.
7) Where does the Huang begin and end?
It starts in the Kulun Mountains and ends in the Yellow Sea.
8) How long is the Chang Jiang?
3,900 miles.
9) What is the southernmost of the three great river systems of China?
The West River.
10) What are the natural resources of China?
Water, natural gas, petroleum, crops, and coal.
11) Which countries in East Asia would need to import coal or oil?
China and Japan.
12) What effect might natural resources have had on the development of East Asia?
Because they are unevenly distributed only some of the countries had natural resources although the other countries do have mineral resources.
13) What is a typhoon and where does it occur?
A tropical storm that occurs in the western pacific.
14) What two words best describe the climates in the higher latitudes of East Asia?
Dry and cold.
15) Where are most deserts found in East Asia?
West central Asia.
16) Where are the tropical zones of East Asia found?
China's southern coast, the island of Hainan, and the southern tip of Taiwan.
17) What does typhoon mean in Chinese?  What other type of storm is a typhoon most like?
A tropical storm in the region of the Indian or western Pacific oceans. A hurricane.

1) What are the five sub-regions of Africa?
North, south, west, east and central Africa.
2) Why is East Africa known as the cradle of humanity?
Because of the large number of prehistoric human remains found in the region.
3) What were some early civilizations of East Africa?  What was their economy based on?
Aksum, Masai, and Kikuyu people. Farming.
4) What was the Berlin Conference?  Why - particularly - did it happen?
This conference regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period. It happened because Europeans did not want to fight over Africa. Only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free from European control.
5) How did colonization cause conflicts in East Africa after independence?
Colonial power did not prepare East African nations for independence.
6) Why are Liberia and Ethiopia important?
They were the only two countries that remained free from European rule.
7) What are some cash crops of East Africa?
Coffee, tea, and sugar.
8) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem?
AIDS.
9) Name two ancient empires of North Africa? 
Carthage and The Nile River.
10) What practices did the world acquire from Ancient Egypt?
Farming, building and writing.
11) What North Africa countries have had the economies transformed by oil?
Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia.
12) What is Rai?
A kind of music developed in the 1920s by poor urban children.
13) Discuss the changing roles of women in North Africa?
Women in North Africa now have more independence and freedom then ever before.
14) Why is Goree Island important?
This island served as one of the busiest points for exporting slaves during the slave trade.
15) List three trading empires of West Africa?  What did the trade?
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Gold and salt.
16) What is a stateless society?  How has West Africa's traditional stateless societies caused problems after colonization?
A society in which people rely on family lineages to govern
17) What are some roadblocks to economic development in West Africa?
Colonialism.
18) Discuss West African music.
West African music consists of jazz, blues and reggae and also had their origin in the west.
19) What is Bantu important?
Bantu produced a great diversity of cultures and also helped link continents.
20) What was Sao Tome established for?
It was a slave trade post started by the Europeans.
21) Who was King Leopold II?  Why was he important?
He was the king of Belgium. Because he controlled the Congo which led to the Berlin Conference.
22) What are the lasting effects of colonialism in Central Africa?
They destroyed the organizing principles of stateless societies.
23) What major problems does Central Africa have in education?
School shortages, low attendance rates and high number of languages.
24) Who ended the apartheid in South Africa?
Nelson Mandela.
25) How does modern Johannesburg reflect the problems created by the apartheid?
The separation of the town reflect the division problem.

Main Ideas

East Africa

1. It is located on the Red Sea and Indian Ocean making it an important trading center and contributed to it's expansion and power.

2. Almost 90% of the African continent came under the control of Europeans. Only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free. Africans lost their independence. They were treated as inferiors and were forced to work as slaves for long hours.

North Africa 

3. Because invaders from Asia brought their religion and culture.

4. They have changed from primarily house wives to having more freedoms and equal incomes compared to men.

West Africa

5. Their similarities were that they thrived because of locations on trade routes, trading salt and gold. Their differences were that Ghana was rich from traders taxes and Mali conquered Ghana brining back salt and gold trade.

6. Civil war, uneducated population, shortages of workers, and poor roads and transportation. 

Central Africa

7. Because the produced a great diversity of cultures but also liked various barts of the continent.

8. Some education problems include a shortage of trained teachers, high dropout rate and a shortage of secondary schools. 

Southern Africa

9. It helped them become a salt and gold trading area as well as diamond producers, this provided a richer population.

10. He fought for black rights and he became imprisoned, nations around the world pressured South Africa to let him be released.

North Africa Questions

1) What form of government did ancient Egypt have?
  They had a Theocracy.
2) What practices did the ancient world acquire from Egypt?
 Farming, medicine, how they built their cities and their system of writing.
3) How did Muslims gain control of North Africa?
 Their armies swept into lower Egypt. 
4) What countries make up North Africa?
 Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, South Sudan, Sudan, and Tunisia.
5) How has North Africa's economic base evolved?
 Agriculture.
6) Why has the oil industry failed to benefit local workers?
 They gave high paying jobs to foreign workers. 
7) How are prices set for products sold at souks?
 The prices start out higher than they should be, so people have to have to bargain for lower prices.
8) How has rai music changed since its beginnings?
 It went from being a carefree music style for youth to being used to show resentment towards the French.
9) What was the traditional role for North African women?
 They were primarily house wives. 
10) What gains have Tunisian women made outside the home?
 They can have normal/equal paying jobs, they can divorce, and they can freely marry who they please.

1) What were some early civilizations in East Africa?  Why were these civilizations important?
The Masai and Mau Mau groups. They helped form Africa and how it is today.
2) What happened at the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885?
It was a conference used to prevent the European wars on Africa.
3) What African countries managed to remain free of European control?
Ethiopia and Liberia 
4) How did colonialism cause conflicts in East Africa after independence?
Cultural divisions.
5) How did Ethiopia manage to defeat Italy in 1896?
They had a greater knowledge of the area's geography.
6) What are some cash crops of East Africa?
Coffee, tea and sugar.
7) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem.
AIDS
8) Research the Rwanda massacre (genocide?) and briefly discuss what happened and why.
It was a mass slaughter of Tutsi and moderate Hutu in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority because they were opposed to the killing campaign. 

Main Ideas 1-7

 Section 1

1. It supports life through the water provided, which is used for irrigation.

2. Abundant resources: Minerals, gold, platinum etc. Oil, and other commodities like coffee.

3. Oil doesn't always support Angolans because of fees and lack of money in their government.

Section 2

4. The Sahara is located in north Africa.

5. General pattern of rainfall in Africa is consisted of two rainy seasons, but Central Africa basically rains all year.

6. Serengeti Plain supports Africa's wildlife through it's hard soil, which prevents the growth of trees but, makes great conditions for grass.

7. The benefits of rain forests are the 600 species of trees found in the Congo Basin and the hundreds of species of birds and plants.

Places and Terms

• Basins - The Chad basin can be found in the middle of Chad.
• Nile River - The Nile can be found in Egypt, Sudan, and Uganda.
• Rift Valleys - The rift valleys can be found in the eastern part of Africa.
• Mount Kilimanjaro - The Kilimanjaro can be found in the Ethiopian Highlands.
• Escarpment - The Escarpment can be found on the edge of the continent's plateau in Southern Africa.

Taking Notes

• In Africa there are rift valleys and lakes
• In Africa they have minerals, oil and commodities as there resources.

Main Ideas

a) Africa is called the "plateau continent" because it is one major plateau, location supercontinent of Pangaea.

b) Some of Africa's distinctive landforms are Lake Victoria, and Mount Kilimanjaro.

c) Africa's abundant resources haven't translated into economic wealth because they lack the industrial base and money to develop them.

Things I want to learn about Africa :

1. History of Lake Victoria

2. Uganda

3. Seychelles

4. Madagascar

5. The environment of South Africa

Study Questions


1) What percentage of water has the Aral Sea lost?
80%
2) Why has this water been lost?
Because of evaporation.
3) What other environmental problems affect the area?
Runoffs.
4) What would have to be done to keep the lake at its present level?
You would have to remove 9 of the 18 million acres that are now used for farming.
5) What did you learn about Lake Biakal from the video?
I learned that it contains pollution from cellulose plants.
6) In the city of Verkhoyansk what extreme temperatures have been recorded?
- 90 F in the winter and 94 F in the summer.
7) How did Russia's harsh winter help the country in the 1800s (and during WWII)?
It helped stop Napoleon and his army because no shelter.
8) What made the building of the Trans-Siberian Railroad an enormous undertaking?
It cover more than 5,700 miles and 70,000 workers moved 77 million cubic feet of the earth.
9) Research and find a major city in Siberia.  What is its population and major attractions? 
Novosibirsk has a population of 1,523,801 and it's major attractions are The Novosibirsk State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, and the Novosibirsk Zoo. 

HOMEWORK: Answer the following review questions

1) List three important cities that are located in the Northern European Plain.
Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Kiev. 

2) What percentage of the region's population lives in this plain?

75%.
3) What border do the Caucasus Mountains form? 

They border Russia and Transcaucasia.
4) What are the two largest lakes in Central Asia?

The Caspian and Aral seas.

5) How long is the Volga River?

About 2,300 miles.
6) Why is Lake Baikal important?

The deepest fresh lake water in the world, holds 20% of the worlds fresh water.
7) What are some of the resources that have been developed in Russia and the Republics?

Coil, iron ore, oil, natural gas, timber.
8) Why might extracting and transporting the region's resources be difficult?

Because of rugged terrain and harsh winter climates in Siberia.

Review Questions for Unit TEST

Review Questions for Unit TEST

1) Why can Europe be called a peninsula of peninsulas?

Because is it is one major peninsula of Asia made of little peninsulas.
2) Where does the Danube flow?

Through the heart of Europe, west to east.
3) What is the most important plain in Europe?

The North European plain.
4) What resources does Europe have in abundance?

Coal and iron ore.
5) Why do the Irish burn peat?

It creates fuel for their lack of energy resources.
6) How are the landforms of Europe both an advantage and disadvantage?

It provides land for agriculture but also divides groups of people and makes for hard travel. An example would be the alps.
7) What is the North Atlantic Drift?

A current of warm water from the tropics, flow's near Europe's west coast.
8) What parts of Europe benefit from the Mediterranean climate?

From Spain to Greece.
9) Why do trees not grow in upper Scandinavia?

Because of permafrost.

10) What percentage of the Netherlands was once under the sea?

40%
11) Why did Venice grow?

When invaders took shelter on inhospitable islands in a lagoon, it became a trading post.
12) What problems face Venice today?

Severe water pollution and sinking.
13) What actions have led to deforestation in Europe?

Trees cut down for fuel and support for venice and acid rain.
14) Why was Ancient Greece important?

The first democracy.
15) What are some of Rome's cultural legacies?

 religions, Latin languages, and government.
16) What were the crusades?

The battle to take the Holy Land from the Muslims.
17) How has Mediterranean Europe's economy changed since WWII.

It went from a mainly agricultural area to a industry dominant area.
18) Why are France and Germany the dominant countries of Western Europe?

Abundances of coil and resources lead to an early industrial revolution.
19) How did language differences develop in Western Europe?

The leading power in history changed from Germanic and Romantic languages.
20) Why was the Berlin Wall built?  When did it come down?

It was built to divide the Communist Germany from the non- Communist Germany. It came down in 1989, thanks to Ronald Reagan. 

21) List the four sub-region of Europe.  Be able to list the countries in each sub-region.

Mediterranean(Portugal, Spain, Andorra,Italy,Greece,Malta.) Eastern(Germany, France, Belgium, Luxembourg,Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria) Western(Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Yugoslavia, Macedonia, Romania, Albania, Bosnia) and Northern Europe(Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Ireland, Iceland, United Kingdom.
22) What is the history of Northern Europe?

Vikings conquered places all over Europe.
23)  What country in Northern Europe chose not to join the EU?

Norway.
24) Where did the industrial revolution start?

Great Britain.
25) Why has there been turmoil in Eastern Europe?

There is cultural division between ethnic groups.
26) What problems existed in the Eastern European economy under Communist rule?

Out dated technology, racism, and lack of trade because of communism.
27) How did the Reformation create new cultural divisions?

Catholics broke off from the church creating the protestant church.

EU Check Up Questions

1) How do people in your country feel about EU membership?
They support their membership.
2) How might future expansion affect the economies of your country?
If Romania does in fact change their currency to the euro it could actually increase the worth, only if they expand.
3) What potential problems face nations who want to adopt the euro??
It could lead to possible salary slashes and tax raises like what happened in Greece in 2010.
4) What political or cultural issues might arise because of the EU expansion?
Expansion might create tension, for example if Albania a mainly Muslim country joins the EU there could be strife between them an Romania. As well as others of course. Also, some Eastern European countries have had little experience with democracy because of communist past.
5) What did you learn about other countries through their presentations (list two distinct and detailed things). 
1) I learned that even though the EU is meant to unite it still can divide, as we see throughout history.
2) I learned that the EU won't except a country until they basically get their stuff together, like crime, economy etc.

Review Questions

Review Questions



1) Where did the industrial Revolution begin and to where did it spread?
 It started in Britain because of iron ore and coal.
2) What are some characteristics of governments in Northern Europe?
It is a parliament, which is a representative lawmaking body. 
3) How did conquest influence the languages spoken in Northern Europe?
4) How did the industrial Revolution spur the growth of the British Empire?
It motivated Britain's empire building, and they were able to build stronger forces.
5) How did the Reformation affect Northern Europe?
It divided the German Protestants and The British Catholics.
6) Who are some important writers from Northern Europe?
William Shakespeare and William Wordsworth.
7) What Northern European country did not join the EU?  Why?
Norway, because of mixed feelings about the common currency.
8) What was the Magna Carta?  Why is it important? 
It had political ideas like trial by jury, and no taxation without representation. It is important because many countries now use these ideas today. 
9) What are the countries of Northern Europe? 
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. 

Chapter 13 section 2 review questions

Questions: 

1) What did you learn about EU countries in this section?
I learned about the diversity, conflict and reunion.
2) How do language and religion reflect the cultural division in Western Europe?
One example of language division is Rome to Charlemagne and one example of religion division is the Reformation. 
3) Which Western European leaders tried to unify Europe through conquest?
Otto von Bismarck.
4) In what way does Western Europe have a diverse economy?
It is diverse because its is strong in agriculture and tech.
5) What was the Reformation?
A period when many Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestants.
6) What was the Holocaust?
A program of mass murder of two-thirds of European Jews.
7) What was the Berlin Wall?
A wall that separated East and West Germany.
8) What are some characteristics of Modern Life in Western Europe?
Tourism, tech, and fashion.

Chapter 13 Section 2 Outline

Western Europe


I) A History Of Cultural Divisions

   • France and Germany are the dominant countries in Western Europe.
The French culture is strong in France and Monaco and the German culture is strong in Germany, Austria and Liechtenstein.

    A) Rome to Charlemagne
 
         1) The Roman Empire conquered the Celtic tribes in France by 50 B.C.
         2) French is one of the Romance languages evolved from Latin.
         3) In the late 700's, a German King, conquered most of the region.
         4) His empire fell apart after his death.
       
   B) The Reformation

        1) The Reformation is a religious movement during the Ranaissance.
        2) During the Renaissance scholars questioned their authority and the Catholic Church.
        3) in 1517 Martin Luther publish 95 statements that criticized the church practices.
        4) Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestant churches.
        5) Hostility between the two led to religious wars that tore Europe apart.
        6) France is primarily Catholic and Germany is primarily Protestant.
     

II)  The Rise of Nation States

      • The period between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance is called the Middle Ages. Europeans slowly developed the nation-state.

      A) Nationalism
         
           1) Feudalism gradually developed in Europe after Rome fell.
           2) They exchanged military service for land to nobles.
           3) France was one of the first nation-states. 1st Kings held absolute power. in 1789 the people                    rebelled during the French Revolution.
           4) From 1600-1945wars frequently broke out among nation-states of Europe particularly in                        France and Austria and German states.
           5) Industrialism cause European nations to set up colonies elsewhere.
     
B) Modern Conflicts
         
           1) Competition for colonies led to World War I
           2) The harsh terms on Germany led to World War II
           3) During World War II the Nazis were led by Adolf Hitler
           4) The Nazis carried out the Holocaust ( mass murder of 2/3 of the European Jew population)
           5) After the war Germany was split in two. East, and West Germany.
           6) In 1989  East Germany opened the Berlin Wall
           7) In 1990 the two Germany's reunited into one country


III) Economics: Diversity and Luxury

       • Western Europe remains strong because it includes agriculture and manufacturing

        A) Agriculture to High-Tech
   
             1) Dairy farming and livestock are main agricultural income providers in Belgium France and                  Switzerland.
             2) Western Europe was a leader in in developing industry because it was plentiful in coal and                  iron ore.
             3) Electronics in a major part of the Netherlands.
             4) Germany produces scientific instruments as well as other electronics.
             5) France relies heavily on nuclear energy.
             6) Switzerland specializes in the industry of banking.

       B) Tourism and Luxury

            1) Tourism is a major part of the French, Swiss and Austrian countries because of the scenery,                climate and history.
            2) Western Europe exports luxury goods like German cars, Swiss watches ect.
            3) France is famous for it high fashion and gourmet foods.


IV) Great Music and Art

        A) Music

             1) Germany and Austria are famous for music.
             2)  Beethoven, Bach, and Mozart are composers from these two countries.

       B) Painting

            1) France and the Netherlands have had many important painters such as Monet, Rembrandt,                  Guaguin, Vermeer, and Eyck.
         

 V) Modern Life

     A) City Life
 
          1) Western Europe has good transportation, and offers many cultural attractions.
          2) Many Europeans live in small homes as do Americans.
          3) One thing that is different between Americans and Europeans is that Europeans get more                    vacation days.

     B) Recent Conflicts

          1) Every since the 1980's immigration has been a been a problem, because of an increasing                     number of "guest workers".
          2) Immigrants have received violence due to discrimination from angry Germans.
          3) Political leader Joerg Haider made controversial remarks defending the Nazis.
          4) Haider resigned because of fear of racial politics.
       

   Summary:
In this chapter we learn about the struggles, art, life, and diversity in Western Europe and how they have shaped it to where/how it is now. The Reformation is one of the most important events that happened in that region considering it section the French into mainly Christians and the Germans into mainly Protestant. Another Important event is The Berlin Wall being torn down uniting former Germany back into it's natural state after the war had past. Western Europe is home to many famous  artist and also has created many jobs for immigrants.

Three things I learned:
The Roman Empire conquered the Celtics in France in 50%, Competition for colonies led to World War I and Europeans have more vacation days compared to Americans.

Question:
In 1517, who published The 95 Statement that criticized the Catholic Church?

Answer:
Martin Luther.